Steve's Games
[Most Recent Entries]
[Calendar View]
[Friends]
Below are the 20 most recent journal entries recorded in
stevesgames' LiveJournal:
[ << Previous 20 ]
| Sunday, December 21st, 2008 | | 1:22 pm |
Bridge Column
The Greedy Overtrick (V)
by Stephen Rzewski
Playing in the familiar matchpoint venue at the local club, I
pick up as dealer:
♠ AJ6 ♥ AQJ104 ♦ AK2 ♣ 75
This 19-count should certainly be upgraded with all its controls
and excellent five-card suit, and as we play Puppet Stayman, I open 2NT.
The opponents are silent as my partner bids 3♣. I respond 3♥, showing
five-card length (both calls are alertable), and partner raises to 4♥.
The auction has been:
S W N E
2NT pass 3♣ pass
3♥ pass 4♥ (all pass)
LHO leads the ace of clubs, and I contemplate the play:
♠ K5
♥ K32
♦ 10764
♣ K1042
♠ AJ6
♥ AQJ104
♦ AK2
♣ 75
The contract appears normal, and will likely be the one reached
at most tables. Those who open 1♥ with my cards will typically be
given a single constructive raise by partner, or possibly a limit raise,
perhaps resulting in a bad slam contract. I can’t be concerned about
the latter case, but I need to try to outscore the majority of pairs
who will be in game, and that can only be accomplished on the basis
of overtricks.
At trick #1, LHO’s lead of the ace of clubs fetches the jack from
his partner. A low club is continued. I seriously doubt that LHO would
have led the ace from AQxxxx with the strong hand on his right, even
with six of them, so I call for dummy’s king. This turns out to be
correct, as RHO follows with the queen.
With the ace of clubs onside, and what appears to be an almost certain
diamond loser, I would expect the normal result to be 11 tricks, so if I want
to score well, I must look for a way to take the remainder.
The early play appears to have put me ahead of the game, as dummy’s
♣10 is now good for the discard of a loser, and may provide me with the
12th trick I am seeking. There is a problem, however: since I can always
ruff a spade in dummy, the ♣10 has value only if I can use it to get
rid of a diamond. If I draw trumps first, I won’t be able to ruff a spade,
and if I ruff a spade first and then draw trumps, I will have no entry to
dummy to enjoy the good club.
One possibility is to ruff a spade low, then draw two rounds of trumps,
ending in dummy with the king, leaving one high trump outstanding if they
divide 3-2, then play the good club, hoping that the last trump will be in
the hand with the long clubs. That seems to be against the odds, however,
as the hand with the long clubs is more likely to be short in hearts, meaning
that RHO will probably be able to ruff the good club when I play it.
I think there are better possibilities. There is a way to play for
diamonds to be 3-3 and set up dummy's 4th diamond for the 12th trick, and
if that chance doesn’t pan out, I can always fall back on the finesse of
the jack of spades for the second overtrick, which is a 50% chance in
itself. So in the following position, at the 3rd trick:
♠ K5
♥ K32
♦ 10764
♣ 104
♠ AJ6
♥ AQJ104
♦ AK2
♣ ---
I play the queen and jack of hearts, as both opponents follow suit.
Now if I am going to try to establish dummy’s long diamond, I need
to unblock the ace and king of that suit, taking the slight risk of
having one of those cards ruffed by the opponent who holds the
remaining trump. Both opponents follow again, LHO contributing the
jack. I then lead a heart to dummy’s king, as LHO discards and RHO
follows with the last trump. Now I call for the 10 of clubs, RHO
discarding a low spade and I the deuce of diamonds. Next comes a
low diamond from dummy, RHO playing the 9, I ruff, but the hoped-for
queen does not appear on my left, as that player discards a low club.
So the following cards remain:
♠ K5
♥ ---
♦ 10
♣ 4
♠ ?xx ♠ ?xx
♥ --- ♥ ---
♦ --- ♦ Q
♣ 9 ♣ ---
♠ AJ6
♥ A
♦ ---
♣ ---
So should I now take the spade finesse?
Actually, at this point that finesse has become an illusion,
as I can now be sure of 12 tricks even if my jack of spades were
the deuce. Instead of playing immediately on spades, I lead the
last trump, which creates a double squeeze: LHO, who has to
discard ahead of dummy, must keep his high club, lest dummy’s card
in that suit become good, and so lets go a spade. Now I can discard
dummy’s club, and the pressure then falls on RHO: he has to hold the
queen of diamonds or dummy’s 10 will be established, and so must also
discard a spade. Since both opponents must be down to two spades in
each hand, it must be right to first play the king, then ace of spades,
making the last spade in my hand good, the full deal being:
♠ K5
♥ K32
♦ 10764
♣ K1042
♠ Q1042 ♠ 9873
♥ 86 ♥ 975
♦ J5 ♦ Q983
♣ A9863 ♣ QJ
♠ AJ6
♥ AQJ104
♦ AK2
♣ 75
Of course, the result achieved would not have been possible had it
not been for West's poor choice of opening lead, but when such opportunites
are offered, one needs to exploit them to best advantage. | | Saturday, April 26th, 2008 | | 8:57 pm |
Bridge Column
PLAYS I WISH I HAD MADE
by Stephen Rzewski
Following are two hands that came my way in a team match
at the Gatlinburg Regional which I failed to get right at the
table. They are difficult problems, but not impossible. See
if you would have fared better.
(1)The first is a play problem. You are South, with the
auction shown:
North
♠ KQ2
♥ 74
♦ QJ763
♣ K32
South
♠ A109863
♥ Q83
♦ A2
♣ Q7
W N E S
1♥ P P 1♠
P 2♥ dbl 4♠
(all pass)
West leads the ace and king of hearts, East following
low-high. West then shifts to the jack of spades. How would
you proceed (be specific)?
(2)The next hand is a defensive problem. You are East,
behind the dummy:
North
♠ J109842
♥ 5
♦ K102
♣ K74
East
♠ 3
♥ AKQ2
♦ J9863
♣ AJ10
E S W N
1♦ 1♠ P 4♠
(all pass)
West leads the ace of diamonds, on which you discourage.
Partner shifts to the 8 of clubs, implying that she does not
have the queen. This puts you in something of a quandary:
if by some chance partner’s ace of diamonds was a singleton,
it would be correct to win this trick so as to give her a
diamond ruff. But if it should turn out that partner has
another diamond, then you will need two club tricks to beat
the contract, and playing the ace would be wrong. You decide
to opt for the latter case and put in the 10, declarer winning
the queen.
Declarer then plays the ace and king of spades, partner
following twice, and indicating that declarer overcalled on a
4-card suit. Then come three more spades, ending in the dummy,
partner discarding two small hearts and a club.
You follow to the first spade, but must then make four
discards. Which cards do you throw away?
*********************************
Answers:
(1)At trick #3, you must play a spade honor from dummy
and overtake with the ace in your hand! Next, lead your low
club toward the dummy. The full deal:
North
♠ KQ2
♥ 74
♦ QJ763
♣ K32
West East
♠ J ♠ 754
♥ AK1062 ♥ J95
♦ K105 ♦ 984
♣ A984 ♣ J1065
South
♠ A109863
♥ Q83
♦ A2
♣ Q7
On your play of the low club, West will be caught in a
“Morton’s Fork” dilemma (see previous column with that title).
If he goes up with the ace, he will return either a heart or
club, which you will win in your hand. If he returns a heart,
unblock the queen of clubs, then play two rounds of trumps,
ending in the dummy, and discard your diamond loser on the
king of clubs, having no further problems.
If West ducks the ace of clubs, win the king and play
dummy’s low spade to your hand (you can now see the need for
the first spade plays, since if you had not unblocked one of
dummy’s honors earlier, you would have no convenient way to
get back to your hand at this point). Then play the queen
of hearts, discarding a club from dummy, and exit with a club,
putting West on lead with the following cards left:
♠ K
♥ ---
♦ QJ763
♣ ---
♠ --- ♠ 7
♥ 10 ♥ ---
♦ K105 ♦ 984
♣ 98 ♣ J10
♠ 9863
♥ ---
♦ A2
♣ ---
With a trump still in dummy and the hearts and clubs
eliminated from the N-S hands. West is endplayed, having to
either give you a free diamond finesse, or a ruff in dummy
and sluff of your low diamond, should he play either a heart
or a club.
(2)On the defensive problem, you may discard one diamond
only, then throw away your ace, king, and queen of hearts!
The full deal:
North
♠ J109842
♥ 5
♦ K102
♣ K74
West East
♠76 ♠ 3
♥J87643 ♥ AKQ2
♦ A ♦ J9863
♣ 8653 ♣ AJ10
South
♠ AKQ5
♥ 109
♦ Q754
♣ Q92
From your standpoint, if partner did in fact start
with a singleton ace of diamonds, then declarer has four,
and you must keep equal length with him in that suit, lest
his 4th diamond become good for the game-going trick (partner
should help you here by making an early discard of a diamond,
if she has one). So you must discard three hearts. Look what
will happen on the actual layout if you come down to a stiff
honor in that suit. Leaving one trump in dummy, declarer
will test the diamonds by playing the king, then the 10 (which
you will cover) to his queen. Knowing that you have a high
diamond left, he will ruff his small diamond with dummy’s last
trump, then lead a heart. Forced to win that trick, you will
now be endplayed in clubs and obliged to concede a trick to
dummy’s king.
So you must simply throw all of your heart honors away
and hope for partner to hold the jack, so that in the end
she will get in with that card and play a 2nd club through
the dummy.
It appears that your side can make 11 tricks in hearts,
but it is difficult to bid 5H over the opponents’ 4S, unless
either your hand elected to open 1H, or if partner made an
understrength negative double over South’s overcall. | | Friday, February 8th, 2008 | | 11:08 pm |
Bridge Column
The Greedy Overtrick (IV)
Playing in a matchpoint contest at your local club, you pick up:
♠ --- ♥ AJ8652 ♦ A1095 ♣ A42
You are vulnerable, the opponents not, and partner, who is the dealer,
passes. RHO opens 1♠. You overcall 2♥, LHO passes, and partner raises to
4♥, which is passed all around. LHO leads the ♠10, and you now face the
following play problem:
♠ AJ7654
♥ K1074
♦ J3
♣ 5
♠ -----
♥ AJ8652
♦ A1095
♣ A42
It looks as though you have missed a reasonable slam, since there are
layouts that may well offer 12 tricks. However, slam is unlikely to be bid
when there are so many high-card points missing, so you should assume that
the contract figures to be the normal one reached at most, if not all the
other tables. If you are going to outscore the other declarers, it will
have to be on the basis of overtricks.
If the hearts are divided 2-1, you can draw two rounds of trumps,
ruff your two small clubs in dummy, discard a diamond on the ace of
spades, and take a double finesse in diamonds. As the opening bidder,
RHO is a heavy favorite to hold at least one diamond honor, so this
line appears to have a good chance to produce 12 tricks. If you look
deeper, though, you might see an additional extra chance, giving you
an ultimate pig line that could result in bringing in all 13…..
On first glance, dummy’s spades look too anemic to amount to
anything, especially with RHO bidding the suit and promising at least
5-card length. However, if RHO has only five spades, and LHO has
led from either 10-9 or 10-8 doubleton, dummy’s spade spots may be
worth more than one might initially think.
To begin with, there is no need to play the ace of spades at
trick #1. Instead, cover the 10 with the jack. This will force
RHO to play the queen, which you will ruff. You now play the ace
of hearts, and breathe a little sigh of relief as both opponents
follow, RHO showing the queen. Next comes a heart to dummy’s 10
to draw the last trump, RHO discarding the king of clubs to show
a solid sequence. Now you play the ace of spades, on which RHO
plays the 2, you discard a low diamond, and LHO—bless his soul—
contributes the hoped-for 8-spot. The position is now, with the
lead in dummy:
♠ 7654
♥ K7
♦ J3
♣ 5
(RHO)
♠ K93
♥ ---
♦ K72
♣ QJ10
♠ ---
♥ J865
♦ A109
♣ A42
Dummy’s spade spots have suddenly become powerful enough to
take two ruffing finesses through RHO’s remaining high spades.
Lead the 7, intending to discard a diamond if next hand plays low.
When he covers with the 9 instead, ruff in hand, then play the
ace of clubs and ruff a club back to dummy. Now lead another
spade, forcing RHO to cover with the king, which you ruff again.
Dummy’s lowly 5-4 of spades are now established. Ruff your last
club in dummy, play those good spades, and away go your two low
diamonds, scoring +710. The full deal:
♠ AJ7654
♥ K1074
♦ J3
♣ 5
♠ 108 ♠ KQ932
♥ 93 ♥ Q
♦ Q864 ♦ K72
♣ 98763 ♣ KQJ10
♠ ----
♥ AJ8652
♦ A1095
♣ A42 | | Monday, August 20th, 2007 | | 9:41 pm |
Bridge Column
THE GREEDY OVERTRICK (III)
by Stephen Rzewski
matchpoints
vul: none
North
♠ Q109652
♥ A82
♦ 84
♣ A2
South
♠ AK743
♥ 6
♦ A9653
♣ 54
bidding: S W N E
1♠ 4♥ 4♠ (all pass)
opening lead: ♥K
Today's deal, from a local club game, once again
illustrates our repeated theme: the contract appears to
be normal and will make easily, with just two apparent
losers. Not one to settle for a tired average of +450,
can you delve more deeply and find the path to +480,
earning yourself a top in the process? Trumps are 2-0,
with West being void. Plan the play.
****************************
The complete deal:
♠ Q109652
♥ A82
♦ 84
♣ A2
♠ ----- ♠ J8
♥ KQJ10973 ♥ 54
♦ J7 ♦ KQ102
♣ KQ108 ♣ J9863
♠ AK743
♥ 6
♦ A9653
♣ 54
For some reason, even many experienced players seem
to have a blind spot when it comes to the possibility of
setting up a long-suit winner. Having escaped a club lead,
you have the opportunity to establish your 5th diamond for
a club discard from dummy, as long as the diamonds split no
worse than 4-2.
Win the ace of hearts, draw two rounds of trumps, leaving
one high trump in your hand, then duck a diamond. If a heart
is returned, ruff in your hand, play the ace and another diamond,
ruffing in dummy. When West shows out, ruff dummy's last heart
to get back to your hand for a 4th diamond play, again ruffing
in dummy, and establishing the long diamond in your hand. Now
lead a trump to your ace, play your last diamond and discard
dummy's small club, scoring up 12 tricks. | | Tuesday, August 14th, 2007 | | 11:10 pm |
Bridge Column
ONE GOOD COUP DESERVES ANOTHER
by Stephen Rzewski
IMPs
vul: N-S
♠ A7
♥ 653
♦ 842
♣ KQJ104
♠ K1095 ♠ 863
♥ KQ1094 ♥ 82
♦ 93 ♦ QJ1076
♣ 83 ♣ A92
♠ QJ42
♥ AJ7
♦ AK5
♣ 765
bidding: S W N E
1NT 2♦* 2♠ P
2NT P 3NT (all pass)
opening lead: ♥Q
In today's deal, both defense and declarer engaged in a
series of thrusts and parries before one side could ultimately
prevail. The bidding and opening lead may warrant some
explanation: West's somewhat aggressive 2♦ overcall conven-
tionally promised both majors. North's 2♠ call was a cue-bid
showing game interest with a stop in that suit. The lead of the
queen from the combination of KQ109 asks partner to play the jack
if he has it; failing that, to give count. Accordingly, East
signaled with the 8.
South saw the need to hold up the ace of hearts at trick #1.
In order to make his contract, he has to establish club tricks.
Assuming that West holds all the missing major-suit honors, there
is no danger on the hand if he also holds the ace of clubs. But if
declarer wins the first trick and it turns out that East holds the
ace, that defender will lead a heart through declarer's J-x, and the
defense will run four more heart tricks.
The hold-up with AJx when both missing honors can be placed
on the left is called a "Bath Coup", named from the long-ago days
of whist and having some connection with the place of that name
in England. It is actually a simple maneuver which comes up
frequently in both notrump and suited play. Its effect is to
prevent the defense from continuing the suit without giving up a
2nd winner for declarer. Since it typically forces the defense
to play on other suits, declarer may not want to make this play
if he fears a shift to something else.
West contemplated what to do next. It seemed to him that
if declarer held the ace of clubs, he was likely to fulfill his
contract, so he hypothetically placed that card in his partner's
hand. It might be possible for the defense to duck early club
leads and isolate the long cards in the dummy, but the ace of
spades would still be there for a late entry. West therefore
decided that it might be advisable to play on spades. It would
do no good to lead a low spade if declarer held the queen, so
West played the king (!) of spades at trick #2.
This sacrifice of an unsupported honor, the intent of
which is to kill an entry to dummy, is known as a "Merrimac
Coup". In this particular case, it resulted in giving declarer
three spade tricks instead of two, but the investment may come
back by possibly depriving declarer of at least two of the long
clubs.
South won with the ace (it would do no good to duck, since
West would just lead a 2nd spade) and then played the king and
queen of clubs. As one would expect with good defenders, West
played high-low in clubs, indicating a doubleton, and East
recognized the need to hold up his ace of clubs for two rounds,
leaving the following cards:
♠ 7
♥ 65
♦ 842
♣ J104
♠ 1095 ♠ 86
♥ K1094 ♥ 2
♦ 93 ♦ QJ1076
♣ ---- ♣ A
♠ QJ4
♥ AJ
♦ AK5
♣ 7
South has scored the ace of spades and two clubs,
and he has five more top winners. It now looks as though
he is headed for down one. But declarer had one more
trick up his sleeve: he knew that West would not have made
his two-suited overcall without at least nine cards in the
major suits, and since he had followed to both club leads,
he could not have more than two diamonds. So South executed
a play known as the "Dentist Coup" by playing the ace and
king of diamonds, thereby extracting West's potential exit
cards in that suit. He then cashed the queen and jack of
spades and exited with his last spade. West was in with
the 10, and with nothing left in his hand but hearts, he
was endplayed and forced to lead into South's ace-jack
tenace, enabling declarer to score the game-going trick
with the jack of hearts after all. | | 9:58 pm |
Bridge Column
THE GREEDY OVERTRICK (II)
by Stephen Rzewski
Matchpoints
♠ K
♥ KQ108
♦ A72
♣ AK1064
♠ 87532
♥ AJ942
♦ 6
♣ 83
bidding: N E S W
1♣ P 1♥ 2♦
4♥ (all pass)
opening lead: ♦K
This deal came up at a local club game, slightly
amended. With such poor spades and a weak hand overall,
South decided to show his better suit, thinking that he
may get only one opportunity to bid, and he might not want
to play spades anyway unless partner could bid them. Just
as in our previous example on this subject, the contract is
normal and will undoubtedly be the one played at most
tables. In order to achieve a good matchpoint result, it
may be necessary to bring in overtricks that might be missed
by the rest of the field. How would you plan the play?
When a hand is two-suited, it is usually good strategy
for declarer to try to establish his second suit, ruffing leads
of that suit in the dummy, if necessary. Ruffing in the hand
with shorter trump length (typically dummy) usually gains tricks
as well, since the greater trump length in declarer's hand is
maintained in the process. In this case, however, declarer's
spades are so poor and difficult to establish that it is better
to work on the superior club suit and make dummy the master
hand. Since the most likely club division is 4-2, one may have
to ruff clubs twice in order to make the 5th club good.
There is a further advantage in making dummy the master
hand: since declarer's hand has a singleton diamond, both of
dummy's small diamonds can also be ruffed out. The technique
of ruffing in the long hand to the point where dummy's trump
length eventually exceeds that of declarer's is known as
"reversing the dummy". For this type of play to be successful,
one needs: (1) trumps in the short hand which are strong
enough to eventually draw the opponents' trumps (assuming that
trumps will need to be drawn), (2) a number of ruffs to be
available in the long hand, which will result in a total net
gain of tricks, and (3) sufficient entries to the short hand
needed to execute those maneuvers.
In this example, you may want to take as many as four
minor-suit ruffs in your hand, and you will therefore need to
delay the drawing of trumps and make maximum use of dummy's
entries. Accordingly, win the opening lead with the ace of
diamonds and ruff a diamond immediately. Next play a club
to the king, ruff dummy's last diamond, and then play a second
club to dummy's ace. Both opponents follow to this trick,
leaving:
♠ K
♥ KQ108
♦ ----
♣ 1064
♠ 87532
♥ AJ4
♦ ----
♣ ----
Now lead a third round of clubs from dummy. On
the actual hand, East will follow with the jack, and
you should take care to ruff high to prevent a possible
overruff, which proves to be necessary, as West shows
out, discarding a diamond. Now lead your low trump to
dummy, and when both opponents follow, you are assured
of twelve tricks. Lead a 4th round of clubs next; East
will play the queen as you ruff with your last trump
in hand, the ace. Dummy's 5th club is now good. At
this point, simply exit with a spade, conceding that
trick, then ruff the continuation and draw the remaining
trumps with the KQ in dummy. The full deal:
♠ K
♥ KQ108
♦ A72
♣ AK1064
♠ AQJ4 ♠ 1096
♥ 7 ♥ 653
♦ KQJ1093 ♦ 854
♣ 97 ♣ QJ52
♠ 87532
♥ AJ942
♦ 6
♣ 83
As one might expect, the majority of scores on this
deal were +620 and +650; only two pairs found the dummy
reversal and tied for top with +680. | | Monday, May 14th, 2007 | | 9:51 pm |
Bridge Column
DEPT. OF DEFENSE
by Stephen Rzewski
Problem #1:
matchpoints North
vul: none (dummy)
♠ J1082
♥ 1097
♦ AK9
♣ Q64
West
(you)
♠ K65
♥ J5
♦ 1076
♣ AK873
bidding: W N E S
pass pass 1♦ 1♥
2♣ 2♥ (all pass)
You start with the ace-king of clubs, partner
following first with the jack, then the 10. You continue
with the 8 of clubs (asking for a spade return). Partner
ruffs with the 8 of hearts and dutifully returns the 9
of spades. Declarer pauses for a moment, then follows
low, as you win with the king. Now what?
*****************************
Problem #2:
North
(dummy)
♠ Q972
♥ 865
♦ K94
♣ AK4
West
(you)
♠ 543
♥ QJ10
♦ J86
♣ J976
bidding: S W N E
1NT pass 2♣ pass
2♠ pass 4♠ (all pass)
(1NT = 15-17 hcp)
You lead the queen of hearts, and upon seeing
dummy, reflect that in North’s place you would have
eschewed Stayman and bid 3NT directly with the flat
distribution. Partner signals encouragement with the
7, as declarer wins the ace. Declarer then draws trumps
with the ace, king, and jack from his hand, partner
following twice before discarding the deuce of hearts.
Declarer then plays the ace-king of clubs and a low
club to his queen, everyone following. Then he exits
with a heart; you play the 10, and partner overtakes
with the king before playing a 3rd heart to your jack,
once again everyone following suit. What do you now
play, looking at:
♠ Q
♥ ---
♦ K94
♣ ---
♠ ---
♥ ---
♦ J86
♣ J
**************************
Problem #1:
♠ J1082
♥ 1097
♦ AK9
♣ Q64
♠ K65 ♠ Q94
♥ J5 ♥ KQ8
♦ 1076 ♦ QJ832
♣ AK873 ♣ J10
♠ A73
♥ A6432
♦ 54
♣ 952
You should lead your lowest club, asking partner
to ruff as high as he can, so as to achieve an “uppercut”
and promote your jack of hearts. Partner figures to have
two trumps remaining after the club ruff; if he holds
either K-x or Q-x, declarer will be able to pick up the
remaining trumps unless you make this play now. At this
point, you are perhaps not being so optimistic about
setting the contract, but it is matchpoints, and overtricks
can be very significant in this kind of situation. As it
is, partner’s trump holding is stronger than you anticipated,
and your play results in scoring two more trump tricks
instead of one, since if declarer gets in quickly, he can
play ace of hearts and another, bringing down your
remaining trumps together and scoring up his contract.
Result: down one instead.
Problem #2:
♠ Q972
♥ 865
♦ K94
♣ AK4
♠ 543 ♠ 108
♥ QJ10 ♥ K742
♦ J86 ♦ A1032
♣ J976 ♣ 1032
♠ AKJ6
♥ A93
♦ Q75
♣ Q85
Playing the jack of clubs in the end position
will give declarer a ruff-and-sluff, so you must break
the diamond suit, but you must do so with extreme caution.
Declarer has shown up so far with 14 high-card points,
so you know precisely that he holds the queen of diamonds
and partner holds the ace. If declarer has the 10, the
party is over, so place that card in your partner’s hand
as well.
If you lead the 6, declarer will play low from dummy,
and your partner will have to put up the 10 to force the
queen. Declarer can now lead low to the 9 and force
partner’s ace, losing only one trick in the suit. If you
start with the jack, declarer may go wrong if he plays you
for the 10, but if he reads the position, he can put up
dummy’s queen. Partner can win the ace, but he will be
endplayed by having to lead away from the 10 to dummy’s 9.
It is critical that you lead the 8 of diamonds, the
only choice that is foolproof. If the 9 is played from
dummy, partner will cover with the 10, declarer winning
the queen. If the 7 is played next, you must cover with
the jack: the king and ace will be played over those cards,
and your 6 will become the setting trick!
For those of you who recall our previous column
entitled “Surrounding Play”, you will see that the lead of
the 8 is a play of that type, as declarer’s 7 is effectively
surrounded and captured by your J-6. | | Thursday, May 10th, 2007 | | 4:01 pm |
Bridge Column
Double-Dummy Problem
North
♠ 3
♥ AK7
♦ KJ1065
♣ KJ86
West East
♠ A92 ♠ Q5
♥ J10654 ♥ 9832
♦ A72 ♦ 983
♣ 102 ♣ A974
South
♠ KJ108764
♥ Q
♦ Q4
♣ Q53
South is to play the contract of 4♠ with the
opening lead of the ♣10. In a “double-dummy” problem,
the reader is allowed to look at all four hands and
find a solution which requires optimal play by both
sides, declarer and defenders. In this case, you are
to decide whether you would prefer to declare or defend,
which essentially means: do you think that the best
line of play by declarer will necessarily result in
fulfilling the contract, or do the opponents have
defensive plays that must inevitably result in defeat
of the same?
When you believe you have arrived at a solution,
it is advisable to look more deeply. Check and see if
the opposing side has a counter-play that may have to
send you back to the drawing board. If you get stuck,
start reading below, where you will find the answer
revealed in a Socratic-like fashion in increasing stages.
*******************************************
On the surface, it looks as though the contract
should make fairly easily. Suppose East wins the ace
of clubs and returns another. Declarer wins in dummy,
leads a spade and finesses the 10. West wins the ace
(if he ducks instead, declarer plays the king of spades
next to smother the queen), but can do declarer no harm,
who eventually will lose only the three outstanding aces.
So what can the defenders do to make declarer’s life
more difficult?
For the defense to have any chance, East must
duck the ace of clubs at trick #1. (As an aside, this
is a good play to remember generally, when you suspect
that partner may have led from a doubleton, and you
have no side entry). Ducking the ace maintains a link
with West, who, upon gaining the lead with either of
his aces, will play a 2nd club. East will then win
the ace and give his partner a club ruff for the setting
trick. Can declarer do anything to avoid the ruff?
Declarer can avoid the ruff if he can get rid
of his clubs. If dummy had another fast entry, one
could play off the queen of hearts, then discard two
clubs on the ace-king in dummy. As it is, if he cashes
the queen of hearts and then tries to reach dummy with
a diamond, West will seize the ace and play a second
club as before, so that won’t work Will it help declarer
to overtake the queen of hearts in dummy and discard
one club on the remaining heart honor?
This will reduce declarer to one club, the same
length as West, but the weak trump spots will prove to be
an Achilles’ heel. After playing two hearts, declarer
can lead a spade and finesse the 10. West will win the
ace, and before leading a 2nd club to his partner, will
likely show good technique by cashing the ace of diamonds
before the mice can get at it. Now in with the ace of
clubs, East will play a 3rd club, which will then sink
declarer: if he ruffs low, West will overruff with the
9 for the setting trick; if declarer ruffs instead with
the jack, he will survive for the moment, but West will
simply discard, and the 9 of spades will be promoted in
the process and eventually score. So discarding just
one club simply won’t work. Is declarer therefore doomed,
or does he have a way of getting around the trump promotion?
Try instead the effect of overtaking the queen
of hearts with the king, discarding a club on the ace,
then playing dummy’s low heart and.... discarding the
last club from the closed hand! This “loser-on-loser”
play trades a club loser for a heart loser. If East wins
and plays a 2nd club now, declarer can afford to ruff low,
because West still has a club in his hand, and the trump
promotion will be avoided. Declarer will still have a
slow entry to dummy via the diamonds to make the trump
lead to the 10, and West will not be able to get to his
partner for another club play. So it appears to be correct
to choose playing the hand over defending after all.
.....or is it? (better look again)
Suppose the defender who wins the third heart
(on which declarer discarded a club) continues by playing
a 4th round of hearts. Declarer must ruff in his hand,
as he has to preserve the spade in dummy for a trump
lead through East. Now when he leads a diamond to reach
dummy, West will grab his ace and play... his last heart!
East will cooperate by ruffing with the queen of spades
(this play of a high trump to create a trump promotion
in the opposite hand is called an “uppercut”; see our
previous column entitled “Missed Opportunity”). Once
again, the 9 of spades will ultimately provide the setting
trick.
If you elected to defend—but only because you
foresaw all of the above—take a long, sweeping bow.
My thanks to Bud Biswas for forwarding this
intriguing deal to my good friend Jeff Lehman, who
passed it along to me. Bud informs me that he found
the problem in a book written by Dr. Andrew Diosy,
a Hungarian doctor who is living (or used to live) in
Canada.
Many double-dummy problems are less practical
than this one, because they often are of a more puzzle-
like nature, with peculiar card layouts and solutions
involving plays that would be unrealistic to find at
the table. This deal, though, is more instructive in
that it contains possible plays that occur with some
frequency, and which are often missed by the average
player. Note particularly: (1) the duck of the ace
of clubs at the first trick; (2) the loser-on-loser
play to avoid the ruff and sever communication between
the defenders, (3) the possible trump promotion by
leading a suit through declarer’s hand in which both
declarer and LHO are void, and (4) the uppercut. The
trump position especially is one to study and remember:
x
A9x Qx
KJ10xxxx
Just one last point: suppose that, even before any
trumps were played at all, East had the opportunity
to lead a side suit in which both South and West were
void. If South were to ruff with the 10 or jack,
West must resist the impulse to overruff with the ace
and discard instead, in order to promote his 9. | | Saturday, January 13th, 2007 | | 1:09 pm |
Bridge Column
Department of Defense (IV)
by Stephen Rzewski
North (dummy)
♠A1064
♥A972
♦K109
♣Q2
West (you)
♠J92
♥J103
♦874
♣AK63
bidding: N E S W
1♦ P 1♥ P
2♥ (all pass)
Recently, a defensive problem involving a particular card
combination came my way, which you will see from time to time, so
it is worth confining to memory.
You start the defense with the ace and king of clubs, partner
playing low-high and declarer contributing the jack on the second round.
You switch to a diamond. Partner shows up with the ace and queen, so
he wins two more tricks and exits with a third diamond, declaring
winning the jack. A heart is played to dummy’s ace, partner following
with the queen. A second heart goes to declarer’s king, who then throws
you in with a third heart, partner discarding clubs on the last two tricks.
What do you now play, looking at:
♠A1064
♥9
♦ ---
♣ ---
♠J92
♥ ---
♦ ---
♣ 63
Declarer appears to have three spades and two trumps left in his
hand. You will have to break the spade suit, as a club play now will
give declarer a ruff-and-sluff. If partner has the king of spades, you
will always get one more trick, so the relevant case is when partner has
the queen and declarer the king.
You might get away with leading the deuce, if partner has the
8-spot and puts in that card if declarer calls for a low card from dummy.
However, if it turns out that declarer has the 8, he will either win the
trick cheaply with that card, or if partner puts up the queen, declarer
will then have a finessing position over your jack with dummy’s A-10.
Suppose you lead the 9, trying to get partner to withhold the
queen unless dummy’s 10 is played. If you do that, and declarer turns
out to have good spots (8-7), the play will go: 10, queen, king, and he
will now be able to run those spot cards through you and pick up your jack.
The play that covers all the bases is to start with the JACK.
This renders declarer helpless. If he plays dummy’s ace, followed by
the 10, you will always score the 9, provided that partner covers the
10 with the queen. The full deal:
♠A1064
♥A972
♦K109
♣Q2
♠J92 ♠Q53
♥J103 ♥Q
♦874 ♦AQ65
♣AK63 ♣109875
♠K87
♥K8654
♦J32
♣J4 | | 10:11 am |
Bridge Column
THE GREEDY OVERTRICK
by Stephen Rzewski
matchpoints
neither vul
dlr: North
North
♠A74
♥A962
♦Q62
♣A65
South
♠5
♥K10873
♦AJ9
♣KQ82
bidding: N E S W
1♣ 2♠ 3♥ P
4♥ (all pass)
opening lead: ♠2
One of the most important areas of matchpoint play that can
help generate winning games is the matter of overtricks. This is
especially true when it becomes apparent that a normal contract has
been reached which figures to make easily. Declarer may easily become
complacent and inattentive and miss an opportunity to make a precious
overtrick, which could turn an average result into a top. Likewise,
a defender can similarly lose concentration and allow declarer an
extra trick to which he is not entitled, converting an average into
a bottom. One such play on a 26-board session can easily affect one’s
score by about two percentage points, a considerable gain at matchpoints.
In today’s deal, which occurred at a recent club game, the
bidding and contract appear routine, and are likely to be the same at
all tables. What would be your general line of play?
If the trumps are 2-2, twelve tricks will be easy. If the
clubs should divide 3-3, one of dummy’s diamonds can be discarded on
the 13th club, and the diamond finesse can be taken for all thirteen
tricks. If the clubs do not split evenly, there are still some possible
ways to finesse the diamonds so as to avoid a loser in that suit. With
East pre-empting in spades, however, he figures to have shortness
somewhere, so some suits will undoubtedly split unevenly. To begin,
how should one play the hearts?
It is better to start the play of trumps with the king rather
than with dummy’s ace. If the hearts are not 2-2, the length is more
likely to be with West. If East should play an honor on the first lead,
the percentage line on the second trump play would be to play West for
honor-third and finesse dummy’s 9, in accordance with the Law of
Restricted Choice.
Because there may be an endplay possibility on the hand, one
should use the opportunity of being in dummy at the first trick to ruff
a spade before touching trumps. Then at trick #3, play the king of hearts.
Both opponents follow low, and when you lead a second trump to dummy’s ace,
West plays the jack and East shows out, discarding a spade. So you will
have one sure trump loser. Now lead dummy’s last spade and ruff in hand,
West following. With the following cards remaining, how would you now
proceed?
♠ ---
♥96
♦Q62
♣A65
♠ ---
♥8
♦AJ9
♣KQ82
It behooves one to count the hand as you play, as the best
continuation may depend on the opponents’ distribution. East should
have six spades for his weak jump overcall and has followed to one heart;
so he has six cards in the minors. Suppose you were to test the clubs
and find them to be 4-2, with length in the East hand. That would give
him two diamonds. In that case, your best play to avoid a diamond loser
and score twelve tricks would be to hope that he started with exactly
K-x doubleton. You should accordingly lead a low diamond from dummy,
finesse the jack, and if it holds, play the ace next to drop the king.
If instead it should turn out that West holds four clubs, that
would leave East with two, and that hand would therefore have four diamonds.
In that case, your only play for the second overtrick would be to hope that
he started with K10xx. Holding the AJ9, you should plan on taking two
diamond finesses through East, first leading the queen, and if that card
is covered, winning the ace and getting back to dummy to finesse the 9.
The ace of clubs and a ruff of the 4th club will provide the necessary
entries. The odds of this play succeeding are small, but are essentially
on the house, since there is no danger of losing any additional trick if
the double-finesse fails. (It is somewhat better to start with the queen
rather than low to the 9, since a careless East might make a mistake and
fail to cover the queen with Kxxx).
To be in the best position to make your choice of plays, first
play the king and queen of clubs, then low to the ace on the third round
so as to end up in dummy (if West should ruff in, he will be obliged to
play a diamond, since he will have no other suit left, which presents you
with no danger). As it turns out, the clubs do split 3-3. So how should
you play the diamonds now?
The answer is: don’t touch the diamonds at all! Instead, lead
a trump to West, resulting in an endplay. He will be obliged to lead a
diamond into your tenace holding. You will now be able to discard a diamond
from dummy on your good 13th club and ruff your last diamond in dummy.
Making twelve tricks for a well-earned top. The full deal:
♠A74
♥A962
♦Q62
♣A65
♠1062 ♠KQJ983
♥QJ4 ♥5
♦K1073 ♦854
♣973 ♣J104
♠5
♥K10873
♦AJ9
♣KQ82 | | Saturday, December 30th, 2006 | | 11:47 pm |
Bridge Column
FORCED ENTRY
by Stephen Rzewski
dlr: West
vul: both
North
♠J987
♥K52
♦K3
♣K973
West East
♠4 ♠AQ653
♥AQJ107 ♥984
♦10652 ♦9874
♣AQ5 ♣2
South
♠ K102
♥ 63
♦ AQJ
♣ J10864
bidding: W N E S
1♥ P 2♥ P
P dbl P 3♣
(all pass)
opening lead: ♠ 4
Today’s hand came up in a club game many years ago. I was seated
East. The bidding is shown as it occurred. North’s reopening double is
questionable without better diamond support, but the opponents fell on their
feet when South found the 9-card club fit. My partner and I, each with a
singleton, were obviously cowardly lions that day and should have taken the
push to 3♥--- but in that case I would not have this bridge tale to relate,
one of my all-time favorites.
My partner, Harry Kaufmann of North Bennington, VT, led his singleton
spade. I won the ace and returned the 5♠, trying to show by a middle card a
lack of enthusiasm for either a heart or diamond play back. South made the
right play in spades by putting in the 10, as West ruffed and contemplated
what to do next. He knew that if I had the AQ of spades, I couldn’t have
much else, and with all those kings onside for the opponents, it looked as
though they were destined to fulfill their contract. But, in accordance with
the old saw, “Necessity is the Mother of invention”, my partner found an
ingenious way to set the hand. Even looking at all four hands, do you see
how he managed to do so?
At trick #3, West led the queen of hearts! As we were playing
Bergen raises, the play of the queen was unlikely to cost, since I nearly
always showed exactly three-card support for my single raise during the
auction, leaving declarer with two. Declarer called for dummy’s king. It
took me a moment to figure out what my partner was up to, and I signaled
with the 9, attempting to show the highest of touching cards of a sequence
and therefore implying the 8. After winning the heart in dummy, declarer
came to his hand with a diamond in order to lead a club up to the king.
But West rose with the ace, and, in a demonstration of faith in my previous
play, he led his lowest heart, the 7, enabling me to overtake with the 8 so
that I could provide him with a second spade ruff. Down one. | | Sunday, December 3rd, 2006 | | 10:14 pm |
Bridge Column
MORTON’S FORK
North
♠KJ2
♥543
♦KQ53
♣A43
South
♠A9876
♥AKQ972
♦J2
♣ -----
bidding: S W N E
1♥ P 2♦ P
2♠ P 3♥ P
3♠ P 4♣ P
5♥ P 6♥ (all pass)
opening lead: a low club
Today’s play problem came up at a recent club game. Suppose
you find yourself in a heart slam, with a possible auction shown.
South’s 5♥ call was intended to show a very strong trump suit, and North,
figuring that declarer could not lose more than one minor-suit trick,
hoped that his spades were good enough to solidify his partner’s second
suit. How would you plan the play (trumps are 3-1)?
* * * * * *
The full deal:
♠KJ2
♥543
♦KQ53
♣A43
♠53 ♠Q104
♥8 ♥J106
♦A1096 ♦874
♣Q108762 ♣KJ95
♠A9876
♥AKQ972
♦J2
♣ -----
If you draw trumps and drive out the ace of diamonds, the
contract would seem to depend on finessing against the queen of spades,
as you will always get two discards from dummy’s ace of clubs and extra
diamond honor for your two small spades. There is also a possible squeeze
-–which does not exist on the actual layout-–if LHO had started with
length in both diamonds and spades.
However, there is a significant extra chance if you are careful:
DON’T play dummy’s ace of clubs at trick #1. Instead, play a low club
and ruff in your hand (as an aside, it would be good technique to ruff
with the 7, just in case the trumps are 2-2, in which case that lowly
deuce might provide you with a needed entry to the dummy at some later
point). Now draw three rounds of trumps and lead a LOW diamond from
hand—-not the jack. If LHO has the ace of diamonds, he will have a choice
of ways to let you win: if he plays the ace, you will be able to score
two diamond discards, thus enabling you to throw away all three of your
low spades and avoid the spade finesse altogether. And if he ducks the
ace, you will win the trick with one of dummy’s honors, then discard your
diamond loser on the ace of clubs. Now you will only need to play the
spade suit in a way to avoid the loss of two tricks there, which is a
very high-percentage proposition.
With this combination:
KJ2
A9876
the standard safety play if you can afford the loss of one trick is to
start with the king, then lead low from the opposite hand up to the J-x;
however, that can not be done unless there are sufficient entries to both
hands, a luxury you do not have on the actual hand. In this particular
case, your best play is to lead low to the jack to start. You will probably
go down when this loses to a singleton queen, but you will make the hand
whenever the spades are 3-2, or all other 4-1 splits, such as when either
opponent starts with Q10xx. If that hand should be RHO, LHO will show out
on the second spade play to dummy’s king, and you will be able to lead
from the dummy and take the marked finesse through RHO’s 10-x.
The play of the low diamond from J-x toward dummy is called a
“Morton’s Fork” coup. The name is derived from Cardinal Morton, Chancellor
under King Henry VII of England, who raised money for the king’s coffers
by taxing the merchants. If those merchants lived an ostentatiously lavish
lifestyle, Morton felt that he could tax them with a heavy hand, since they
obviously could afford to pay. And if others of the time lived an outwardly
frugal lifestyle, he figured they must be saving and amassing wealth, and
so concluded that they could equally afford to pay. So however you lived,
you were doomed to be impaled on “Morton’s Fork.”
The play of the same name in bridge is used to describe the lead
through a defender’s honor ---- in this case, the ace of diamonds ----
whereby the defender loses whether he wins or ducks the trick, essentially
a “damned if you do / damned if you don’t” choice. Notice that it is
essential to resist the impulse to play dummy’s ace of clubs at the first
trick. If you play the ace early, you will be forced to take an immediate
discard of a diamond or a spade. Leaving the ace in dummy affords you
the flexibility of deciding how best to use that discard later in the hand,
depending on the ensuing play.
There is one further point worth mentioning: if there had been
additional entries to dummy, you could execute the Morton’s Fork against
either opponent. In fact, since the placement of the ace of diamonds is
a guess, you might be inclined to play RHO for that card, on the basis
that many players in the opposite hand, when on opening lead against a slam,
will tend to lead an ace if they have one. To illustrate the point, let’s
place the queen of trumps in the dummy in exchange for one of the spots,
and have the trumps divide 2-2, so that the deuce of hearts also allows an
additional entry to dummy. If you as declarer decided to play RHO for the
diamond ace, you would ruff the club with the 7, play the ace and queen of
trumps (saving that deuce), ending in the dummy, and play a low diamond
toward the closed hand. RHO, if holding the ace of diamonds, would face
the same dilemma as the one described earlier. If he were to duck and
the jack held the trick, you could lead a spade to the king, discard your
low diamond on the ace of clubs, ruff a minor-suit card to get to your
hand, and lead up to the jack of spades. If LHO showed out, the jack
would force the queen, and you would still have a trump entry to dummy
to take the remaining spade play through the 10. On the actual hand,
you would have gone wrong, as the jack of diamonds would lose to the ace,
and you would have to fall back on the spade finesse, resulting in down one.
Sometimes it’s better not to have an option. | | 9:45 pm |
Hands From Daytona
The following hands came my way at a recent Regional tournament
in Daytona Beach. These hands are much more ordinary and routine than
those usually shown on this site, and perhaps might not even be considered
column-worthy by many. Still, some readers may find them interesting
enough, so I offer them for whatever value they may have. Comments are
welcome.
In a pairs game, with neither side vul, I pick up as dealer:
♠ --- ♥ AKQJ4 ♦ KQ863 ♣ KQ7
I open 1♥, LHO overcalls 1♠, my partner raises to 2♥, and RHO
jumps to 4♠. What call would you make?
I reasoned that partner had to have an ace and perhaps even a working
jack or two, since there are very few other high-card points out there that
could be in her hand. Of course, if she happened to hold the spade ace or
other honor wastage in spades, that would be bad luck, but the bidding
suggests otherwise. So I chance 6♥. The opening lead, somewhat to my
relief, was the ace of spades, but partner’s dummy was:
♠Q64
♥1072
♦975
♣A865
♠ ---
♥AKQJ4
♦KQ863
♣KQ7
Some may elect not to raise to 2♥ with her hand, having flat
distribution and the queen of spades, which is likely to be a wasted value,
but I don’t object, in spite of my disappointment. The odds are against
my making this, but I have been in worse contracts. I have a chance if
the red suits break evenly and the ace of diamonds is on my right. I ruff
the opening lead with the jack of hearts, then continue with the ace and
king. I am happy to see both opponents follow; so I lead my low heart to
dummy’s 10, drawing the last trump and giving me access to dummy so as to
play a diamond. RHO follows low and I put up my king, which holds. So
I play my low club to dummy’s ace to lead a second diamond. RHO plays
the ace, and LHO follows suit, so I can claim 12 tricks now. A lucky hand:
I estimate this favorable layout to be about a 20% chance. The only point
here is to take care to ruff the opening lead high, so that you can use
the 10 of hearts as an additional entry to make two diamond leads. If you
were careless and ruffed the opening lead low, you would have only one
entry to dummy, in which case, you would use it to make one diamond
lead, then lead a low card back, hoping for RHO to have started specifically
with a doubleton A-x, making an already poor prospect considerably worse.
The remaining hands come from Bracket I team events. In a Compact
KO match, I pick up this hand, in 4th seat:
♠ AQJ4 ♥ AKJ6 ♦ AQJ8 ♣ 5
This hand type, the strong 3-suiter, is very difficult to bid
in standard methods. Either you start with an opening bid of 1♦ or a
strong and artificial 2♣. I suspect that most players would bid 2♣, not
being able to stomach the thought of hearing 1♦ get passed out. The 2♣ call,
however, has several disadvantages: (1) you have used more than a level
of bidding without yet naming any of your suits—-and you have three of
them which you would like to name, (2) rebidding suits naturally after
2♣ - 2♦ implies 5-card length, which you do not have, and (3) partner
won’t introduce new suits after a sequence like 2♣ - 2♦ - 2♥ unless he
holds 5-card length himself, making it very difficult to find a 4-4 fit.
On the other hand, if you open 1♦ and partner can dredge up a response,
or if the opponents overcall or pre-empt, you will probably be able to
make sensible follow-ups. If the bidding does go 1♦ - all pass, and it
turns out that you do have a game, hopefully you will have sympathetic
teammates. Players who use Precision or other strong 1♣ systems will
have an advantage here. Anyone out there with further suggestions, at
least for those who want to stick with standard methods?
However, I was somewhat relieved not to have this problem, since
my RHO opened 1♣ in third position, giving me an easy takeout double. My
LHO bid a pre-emptive 3♣, and my partner surprised me somewhat by calling
4♣, showing a willingness to play game, probably looking for me to choose
a major. As an aside, we had played a KO match against this same pair
earlier in the week, and on one deal they had talked me out of a slam by
taking several bids on weak hands, and the memory of that experience was
still fresh. So even if my partner may be pushing a little, I am going
to bid a slam here, and since my suits are virtually equal, I throw the
ball back at her with 5♣. The full auction was, with everyone bidding
clubs at some point:
P - P - 1♣ - dbl
3♣ - 4♣ - P - 5♣
P - 5♠ - P - 6♠
Partner’s hand was:
♠ K10762 ♥ 109543 ♦ 6 ♣ A4
The queen of hearts came down doubleton on her left, so 13
tricks were easy, and the board was a push. Do you think we should have
bid the grand slam?
Then later in the same event, but against a different team, I
pick up in 3rd seat, with nobody vul:
♠ 74 ♥ A109763 ♦ AJ42 ♣ J
My partner as dealer opens 4NT. I alert this call, and explain
to my opponents that partner has a two-suited hand with both minors and
great distribution, typically 6-6 (I’m not a strong advocate of this
treatment, but my partner likes it, and I go along). My RHO passes.
I decide to take the risk that my partner’s possible singleton is either
a heart, or that maybe I’ll get a heart lead and be able to discard her
losing spade, if she has one. So I call 6♦. This is passed out, my LHO
leads the king of hearts, and the dummy comes down:
♠ ---
♥5
♦KQ10763
♣Q87642
♠74
♥A109763
♦AJ42
♣J
Prospects look fairly good. I will need to set up the club suit,
and since the likely split is 4-2, I may need to ruff three times in my
hand, possibly using high trumps to prevent an overruff. I don’t think
I can afford to test trumps at this point, because if I play one high
trump and then a club, that hand may win and play a second trump, limiting
me to just two club ruffs. So after winning the ace of hearts, RHO playing
the 8, I play the jack of clubs at trick #2. LHO wins the king and plays
an insidious small heart, putting me at a crossroads: should I ruff low,
or can I afford to spare one of dummy’s high trumps? What would you have
done in my place?
The odds of a 5-1 heart split are very low, but seem enhanced
with the opening lead and continuation, and I would hate to go down at
this point by ruffing low and getting overruffed. Against that possibility,
I could afford to ruff high if either the diamonds divided 2-1 or the
clubs 3-3, which offers a very high combined chance. So I play dummy’s
10 of diamonds, and I’m a bit regretful to see RHO follow with the jack
of hearts. I lead a club and ruff low, both opponents following, ruff
a spade low in dummy, play a third club and ruff high, LHO showing out.
Another spade ruff and a 4th club, ruffed with the ace. Now I lead the
last (low) diamond from my hand, and… LHO shows out. Rats! RHO has to
get a trump trick now with his 98x. Figuring that I just lost the match,
I forget the pre-emptive effect that the 4NT call had on the opponents,
the full deal being:
♠ ---
♥5
♦KQ10763
♣Q87642
♠J1096532 ♠AKQ8
♥KQ42 ♥J8
♦ --- ♦985
♣K9 ♣A1053
♠74
♥A109763
♦AJ42
♣J
At the other table, my partner’s hand did not open, and the
bidding started:
pass - 1♣ - 2♥ - 2♠
3♦
Our hands competed to 5♦, our teammates bid to 5♠ and the
opponents decided to let them play it there, making 12 tricks for +480
and a substantial gain on the board. Maybe that 4NT call isn’t such
a bad method after all.
In a 3-way match of a Compact KO, I hold, with both vul:
♠ AQ65 ♥ AK87 ♦ K2 ♣ 1052
My partner opens 1♣, I respond 1♥, and my partner raises to
2♥. How would you continue?
This hand feels too good not to make a slam try, with all its
controls and concentrated high-card strength. My partner and I have
recently decided to adopt 2NT as an asking bid here, after opener has
raised a major, a treatment which seems to be gaining favor with many
players. It is especially useful where partnerships have an agreed style
for opener to frequently raise responder’s major with 3-card support.
Opener responds:
3♣ with minimum values and 3-card support,
3♦ = 3-card support, maximum values,
3♥ = 4-card support, minimum
3♠ = 4-card support, maximum.
The method is most useful when making game tries, but also can
work when you feel you are in the slam zone. in cases such as this one.
My partner responds 3♠ to my inquiry, the best hand possible,
so after checking for key-cards to find that we are only missing the
queen of trump, I bid 6♥. LHO leads the 9♣, and dummy shows:
♠72
♥J1092
♦A86
♣AKQ3
♠AQ65
♥AK87
♦K2
♣1052
This looks reasonably good. If the king of spades is onside,
I can ruff my small spades with dummy’s high trumps and can even stand
being overruffed with the queen of trumps. And if the king of spades
loses, I still have chances if the queen of hearts is onside, provided
RHO has four spades.
Well, you can guess that both cards were offside and I went down.
I wouldn’t mind this bit of bad luck normally—-but the effect is severe.
The slam was not bid at the other table, so we lose 13 IMPs on the board
instead of gaining 12 (had the slam made), and we lose the 6-board match
by -24 instead of winning by +1: a 25-IMP swing. I know that I am supposed
to disdain matchpoints and embrace IMPs, but the effect of one card offside
on this type of hand at this form of scoring seems highly punitive. In a
matchpoint event, I might be able to make this up on the next hand by
scoring an overtrick on a partscore, but this results in a huge deficit at
IMPs, especially in a short match.
But then fortune comes our way after all: this match was part
of a three-way round, we win our second match—-by all of +1---and it turns
out that the third team lost both of its matches. So we advance to the
next round, in spite of our net negative -23 IMPs. This somehow doesn’t
feel right either, but having endured my share of bad luck, I am happy
to accept the good, when it comes.
On another hand, still IMPs and both vul, I hold in 4th seat:
♠ 6 ♥ AQ9763 ♦ AJ952 ♣ 3
LHO and my partner pass, and RHO opens a 15-17 1NT. This is
certainly a hand where you want to be playing a method of showing a
two-suiter. My partner and I play Cappelletti, so I bid 2♥, showing
that suit, plus a minor. LHO bids a non-forcing 2♠, which is passed
back to me. I decide to continue bidding with 3♦, LHO passes, and my
partner shows interest and surprises me a bit by bidding 4♥, which is
passed out. The opening lead is a low diamond, and dummy comes down:
♠ K752
♥ K8
♦ Q107
♣ K972
♠ 6
♥ AQ9763
♦ AJ952
♣ 3
This hand is remarkably similar to one that was presented in
one of our earlier columns, and illustrates how to evaluate hands with
6-5 distribution. One should tend to bid these hands fairly aggressively,
if the honor cards are located in the long suits, and especially if the
honors provide good working combinations, along with good intermediates.
My partner figured that I was likely to have either extra shape or extra
values when I continued bidding by myself to the 3-level, vulnerable,
and guessed that I was likely to be 6-5. As a supporting hand, she
figured that her red honors—-notice even the importance of the lowly 10
of diamonds on this hand—-had to be worth their weight in gold, even
though her black kings could probably be put in the trash. A good
decision on her part.
As an aside: for those of you who like to read up on bridge
theory of hand evaluation, I highly recommend Mike Lawrence’s “I Fought
the Law…”, which presents a rebuttal of the Law of Total Tricks and offers
instead a method of predicting the trick-taking power of a hand by measuring
two different factors, which he calls the “Short-Suit Total” and
“Working Points”. The numerous examples may feel tedious at times, but
I found the arguments to be strong and compelling.
As to the play: the diamond lead was probably a singleton, so I
put up the queen to entice RHO to cover, but he didn’t bite and correctly
played low. I have only two black losers, so I can afford to give up the
king of diamonds, as long as the hearts don’t split 4-1, in which case I
would lose a heart. But LHO wouldn’t lead a stiff diamond unless he had
some trumps, so I decide that can’t be the case. I therefore play the
top hearts, and they do turn out to split 3-2, so I just give up the king
of diamonds and settle for ten tricks, the full hand being:
♠K752
♥K8
♦Q107
♣K972
♠QJ843 ♠A109
♥1052 ♥J4
♦6 ♦K843
♣10865 ♣AQJ4
♠6
♥AQ9763
♦AJ952
♣3
It is not a good idea to lead a singleton on opening lead into
a suit bid by declarer, especially if the bidding suggests that partner
might have finessable strength in that suit. Would declarer have possibly
gone down if LHO had led a spade? Probably not. Declarer would ruff the
second spade, and could start by playing the ace of trumps, then low to
the king. If LHO showed out here, declarer would know he would be losing
a trump trick, and would therefore take the diamond finesse. Once both
opponents follow to two heart leads, declarer can play it safe by ruffing
a spade, drawing the last trump, and just give up the king of diamonds.
I believe this would even be right at matchpoints, because you would have
to figure that you would be scoring well by just getting to game and would
therefore want to protect that score, rather than risk going for a top.
If on the diamond lead, you decided to get greedy, play only two
trumps, ending in the dummy, so as to repeat the diamond finesse, you
would go down. RHO would refuse to cover as before, LHO would ruff,
and the defense would play on black suits, forcing you to eventually
play diamonds out of your hand, to lose the setting trick there.
The tournament, scheduled in early November, lasts a full week.
The weather is very pleasant at that time of year, the ocean temperature
is quite tolerable for swimming, and you can walk for miles on one of
the most beautiful beaches I have experienced. You might want to consider
going. See you there next year? | | Sunday, July 30th, 2006 | | 9:35 pm |
Bridge Column
TEST YOUR PLAY (V)
by Stephen Rzewski
matchpoints
vul: N-S
dealer: N
North
♠A1053
♥A3
♦A109
♣Q865
South
♠KQJ742
♥J10
♦8
♣AK92
bidding: N E S W
1♣ 2NT 3♠ 5♦
5♠ P 6♠ (all pass
opening lead: ♦2
Today's deal came from a recent STAC tournament. The opponents'
hands have been modified to make a more suitable problem. Plan the play.
* * * * * * *
North
♠ A1053
♥ A3
♦ A109
♣ Q865
West East
♠ 96 ♠ 8
♥ Q65 ♥ K98742
♦ Q632 ♦ KJ754
♣ J1073 ♣ 4
South
♠ KQJ742
♥ J10
♦ 8
♣ AK92
There is a heart loser you can do nothing about, and there is no
further problem if the clubs divide 3-2, so you should assume they will
split 4-1 or worse, which is quite likely, given East’s “Unusual 2NT”
call, showing great length in the red suits.
If West has four clubs which include the J-10, an endplay can be
executed in the following manner: win the ace of diamonds, ruff a diamond
high in the South hand, draw trumps with the king and ace of spades. Then
ruff dummy’s last diamond (a third round of trumps can be played should
they prove to divide 3-0).
Now comes the key play: play one high club honor from the South
hand, followed by the ace of hearts. The position at that point will be:
North
♠ 105
♥ 3
♦ ----
♣ Q86
West East
♠ ---- ♠ ----
♥ Q6 ♥ K987
♦ Q ♦ J7
♣ J107 ♣ ----
South
♠ Q7
♥ J
♦ ----
♣ K92
Now simply exit with a heart. If East wins the trick, he will be
forced to give you a ruff-and-sluff of your club loser. If West wins,
unless he does the same, he will be forced to return a club. If he plays
the jack or 10, let this come around to your king, and you will have a
finessing position against his remaining honor-7.
It is essential to play one high club before exiting with the
heart, or else East can win the trick and exit with his singleton club.
If your club holding were weaker still, such that you were
missing the J-10-9, the contract could still be made along the same
lines, provided that East’s singleton happened to be one of those cards. | | Friday, June 23rd, 2006 | | 12:05 pm |
Bridge Column
A SURE THING
by Stephen Rzewski
IMPs
vul: none
North
♠ K973
♥ A6
♦ J764
♣ K107
South
♠ AJ865
♥ 3
♦ K52
♣ AQJ6
bidding: S W N E
1♠ 3♥ 4♠ (all pass)
opening lead: ♥ Q
Today’s hand came up in a Swiss teams event at a local
club. Declarer won the heart lead in dummy, then played the king
of spades, on which both opponents followed with low spot cards.
When a low spade was played next, East followed with the 10.
Should declarer now finesse the jack or instead play for the drop
of the queen by going up with the ace? Why? (take no credit unless
you give the correct reasoning)
* * * * * *
The full deal:
North
♠ K973
♥ A6
♦ J764
♣ K107
West East
♠ 4 ♠ Q102
♥ QJ109874 ♥ K52
♦ A83 ♦ Q109
♣ 98 ♣ 5432
South
♠ AJ865
♥ 3
♦ K52
♣ AQJ6
At the table, declarer successfully finessed the jack of
trumps, rejecting the old adage of “eight ever, nine never”, which
suggests that when missing five cards including the queen, one
should finesse, but instead play for the drop when missing only
four cards. Later in the play, declarer led a diamond to his king
and lost three tricks with the unlucky layout in that suit, but at
least fulfilled his contract. So why did declarer take the finesse?
It is true that in a vacuum the odds favor playing for the
drop, but the mathematical advantage for that choice is slight, and
if there are other factors to take into account, one should consider
the alternative play. Here there is the matter of West’s pre-empt,
which shows great length in hearts, normally a 7-card suit, increasing
the chances of his holding a singleton spade. The queen of spades
is not a relevant card in the bidding, as West would probably be just
as inclined to make the same pre-empt if he held Q-x of spades as well
as a small singleton. But with 8 of West’s cards inferentially known
(7 hearts + 1 spade played), that leaves only five cards in his hand
that could be the queen of spades. Whereas only five of East’s cards
are known (2 spades played + 3 presumed hearts), there are 8 cards
in his hand which could be the queen. That leaves much more room in
East’s hand to hold the queen, indicating that the finesse is a
distinct favorite.
Nevertheless, in the context of the complete deal, declarer
should have played for the drop. The finesse might be a good calculated
risk at matchpoints, where overtricks can bring heavy premiums,
especially in normal contracts like this one, but at IMPs scoring,
making the contract has the highest priority. If declarer had played
the ace of spades at the critical juncture, and the queen had dropped,
the contract would have been assured. But what if West had then shown
out, as in the actual layout? Declarer would then have a sure line
of play as follows: a club to dummy to then lead and ruff out dummy’s
remaining heart**, followed by the play of the remaining club winners.
Then a trump is led, putting East on lead, who will have to break the
diamond suit (or play his last heart, which would give declarer a fatal
ruff and sluff). As long as declarer plays a low diamond from his hand
when East leads low, he can not be deprived of a diamond winner, no
matter how the honors in the suit are distributed.
So going up with the ace of spades is a heads-you-win, tails-
you-win play. No need to resort to guesswork when a sure thing is
available.
**An afterthought: my good friend, Michael Klein pointed out
that declarer could improve his technique by ruffing dummy’s small heart
at trick #2, before touching trumps. This would provide for the case
where a defender with the third trump and a club void, probably West,
with something like:
♠ Q10x ♥QJ10xxxx ♦ Axx ♣ ---
might be able to ruff in and exit safely with a heart before dummy’s
heart could be removed, forcing declarer to break and guess the
diamond suit himself.
It is also worthy to note that there is a standard safety
play with this card combination of starting the play of the spades
with the ace rather than the king, which one might consider at this
form of scoring. This play guards against the possibility of a 4-0
trump split in either hand, and ensures the loss of no more than one
trump trick. However, since LHO is highly unlikely to hold four
spades along with the presumed 7-card heart suit, the initial play
of the king in this case will likely work out just as well. | | Saturday, April 1st, 2006 | | 8:27 pm |
Bridge Column
REVERSE PSYCHOLOGY
by Stephen Rzewski
Often during the play of the hand, the defense will be in a
quandary as to which suit it should be attacking. Sometimes when declarer
plays on a particular suit, a defender may assume that it is contrary to
his side’s interest to continue on that suit and may therefore shift to
another. This is a natural and logical human reaction, which is frequently
correct, but occasionally declarer can exploit this tendency to his own
advantage.
Playing in a Regional Open Swiss against one of the top pairs in
New England, I pick up:
♠ 973 ♥ AK10852 ♦ J106 ♣ A
Neither side is vulnerable, and I am in 4th seat. The dealer passes,
as does my partner, and RHO opens 3♣. I have an easy overcall of 3♥, and my
partner raises me to game. The bidding has been:
P P 3♣ 3♥
P 4♥ (all pass)
LHO leads a small club, and the dummy proves to be a huge
disappointment:
♠ J64
♥ QJ93
♦ 832
♣ KQ4
♠ 972
♥ AK10852
♦ J106
♣ A
Who would have guessed all that duplication in clubs? Well, at least
they didn’t annihilate me right off by cashing their six winners in diamonds
and spades. I can throw two of my losers on the king and queen of clubs, but
that still leaves me one down. It is tempting to simply concede that result
and save some time and anguish, but even when facing what looks like a hopeless
situation, one should always look deeply for any chance, no matter how slight,
especially since there are teammates involved. Is there any way I can actually
bring home this dreadful contract?
Interestingly, I probably can infer more about the lie of the honor
cards in the two weak suits than the opponents can about each other’s holding.
For instance, if LHO had a holding such as AK in either, he would likely have
led one in preference to a club. That would mark my RHO as a favorite to hold
at least one high honor in each of those suits. Since he has club length, he
will have shortness in one or more suits outside of clubs. Obviously, if I am
to make this contract, I will need some mistakes from the defense, but a small
ray of hope is beginning to show itself.
After winning the club lead, I play the ace of hearts, everyone
following, then lead a low heart to the queen. On this trick LHO follows,
and RHO discards the jack of clubs, which is probably intended to show strength
in spades. I now cash the two high clubs, discarding low spades, on which
both opponents follow.
So RHO had only six clubs to the J10 for his pre-empt. This is not
all that surprising, since many players make tactical pre-empts in third
seat which will depart significantly from the normal sound textbook pre-empts.
At this point, I lead a diamond from dummy, deliberately playing the
suit I fear most. RHO plays low—I now have to hope, among other things, that
he started with a doubleton honor—and since I want to give the impression of
strength, I play the jack from my hand. LHO wins the queen, and thinks for
a bit. Eventually, he makes the play I am hoping for: he puts the ace of
spades on the table, and continues with a spade to his partner’s queen. I
ruff this in hand, lead a heart to dummy’s jack, then lead dummy’s last spade
and ruff in my hand, leaving:
♠ ----
♥ 9
♦ 83
♣ ----
♠ ---- ♠ 5
♥ ---- ♥ ----
♦ A97 ♦ K
♣ ---- ♣ 10
♠ ----
♥ K
♦ 106
♣ ----
Now I simply lead the low diamond out of my hand, and the defense is
snookered. If LHO plays low and allows his partner to win the king, that
hand will be end-played into giving me a ruff and sluff. And if LHO attempts
a “crocodile coup” by playing the ace to swallow his partner’s king, my 10
will be established.
Obviously, RHO made a serious error when he failed to play the king
of diamonds on the first lead of the suit, not anticipating the end position.
LHO might also have saved the day by heeding his partner’s earlier signal and
underleading the ace of spades, so that his partner could win the trick and
unblock his king of diamonds. Luckily for declarer, LHO had to follow to
both hearts, since if he held the singleton, he would have undoubtedly signaled
with a high diamond on his first discard, making it easy for his partner to
unblock the king. The full deal:
♠ J64
♥ QJ93
♦ 832
♣ KQ4
♠ A108 ♠ KQ53
♥ 64 ♥ 7
♦ AQ975 ♦ K4
♣ 875 ♣ J109632
♠ 972
♥ AK10852
♦ J106
♣ A
At the other table, third hand opened only 1♣, my hand overcalled
1♥ and was given a single raise to 2♥ by his partner. This became the
final contract, with the same club lead. When the dummy came down, declarer
decided to simply claim nine tricks, a bit smugly, as our teammates reported,
since he felt he had stolen the contract, as the defense could have set him
off the top. | | Friday, March 31st, 2006 | | 9:38 am |
Bridge Column
THE SQUIRM FACTOR
by Stephen Rzewski
Today’s deal came up at a Regional tournament many years ago.
My partner and I, along with two good friends, had just lost an early
round of a Knock-Out team event, and we decided to all go out together
to seek nourishment, lick our wounds, and try to re-energize for the
upcoming events. A topic of conversation over dinner addressed the
problem of trying to read our opponents’ cards during the play of the
hand. One of our teammates, to whom I shall refer as Peter, offered a
tip when faced with a two-way guess for a missing queen: run a long suit,
if possible, and watch for an early discard. Often the person making the
first discard in that suit will be less likely to hold the critical missing
card, as he would have only small cards there with nothing to protect, and
can more easily throw one away. This principle is not conclusive where a
player has extra length in the suit (such as Qxxxx), but often an inferential
count on the hand will be available and provide further clues.
After the meal was concluded, the four of us decided to enter the
pairs event of that evening, as no team event was available. As fate would
have it, the four of us bought entries in opposite directions, such that late
in the session, we sat down against each other as opponents. On the 2nd board
of the round, I picked up:
♠A74 ♥Q842 ♦5 ♣K10752
Peter, seated on my right, opened 1NT (15-17), and the auction continued
1NT P 2♣ P
2♦ P 3NT (all pass)
I led my 4th-best club, and the following dummy came down:
♠ K863
♥ AJ93
♦ QJ2
♣ 98
♠ A74
♥ Q842
♦ 5
♣ K10752
My club lead hit paydirt. Partner produced the jack, declarer
ducking, then came the queen from partner, declarer winning the ace.
Feeling somewhat smug, I settled in to wait for the eventual spade lead,
on which I would pounce with the ace to cash my good clubs.
At trick #3, declarer led a low diamond to dummy’s jack, which
held the trick, followed by the queen. Partner’s first two diamond spots
indicated that he held an even number, which meant that declarer had a
five-card suit to run. Suddenly I realized that I was going to have to
produce a number of discards—four, in fact. Before continuing, decide
how you, reader, would have selected the next four cards in your hand to
throw away, holding at this point:
♠A74 ♥Q842 ♦--- ♣ K107
Declarer was almost sure to have the king of hearts, and my queen
was finessable in front of dummy’s A-J. I could throw two spades away
easily, but on the 4th and 5th diamonds, I would have to choose between
hearts or clubs.
Peter was a good declarer, and I knew he would be watching all of
our cards carefully, looking for clues. If I started discarding my good
clubs, that would be revealing to him. Why would I throw away potential
winners, unless I were protecting some other holding, and what else could
that be other than the queen of hearts? Furthermore, if I discarded even
one club, Peter could well figure that I would now not have enough club
winners to set him, and he could simply lead a spade, establishing his 9th
trick there without having to take the heart finesse. No, I realized that
my only chance was to unguard the queen of hearts. If Peter did not hold
the 10 of hearts, he was probably going to finesse me for the queen anyway.
Whatever I was going to do, I had to make my decision quickly. If I started
acting tentatively about my choice of discards, hesitating and squirming
uncomfortably, that would be a giveaway. I also could hear Peter’s remark
made at dinner in the back of my mind, which he probably didn’t even remember.
I felt a bit guilty about turning his own advice against him, but all’s fair
in love and war. So at my first opportunity, I threw the 8 of hearts,
in tempo.
Peter turned to my partner and asked about our carding agreements.
“Our carding is upside-down, count and attitude.” was the reply. This meant
that in theory the discard of the 8, a high spot-card, signaled discouragement
for that suit.
On the next two diamonds, I discarded first the 4, then the 7 of
spades, an encouraging signal, to show that I had the ace. On the 5th diamond
—in for a penny, in for a pound—I threw the 2 of hearts without pause, coming
down to Q-4. Partner, bless his soul, discarded a spade on the 5th diamond,
keeping both of his small hearts. Then came a heart to the ace, and a low
heart back from dummy. My remaining cards were:
♠ A ♥Q ♣K107.
Peter went into a long study, which must have lasted a full minute.
Had I thrown the heart too early, making the bluff obvious? I was dying inside,
but knew my partner and I had to appear completely dispassionate and stone-faced.
Finally, Peter produced the 10, and I faced my hand and claimed the remainder,
for down two. The full deal:
♠ K863
♥ AJ93
♦ QJ2
♣ 98
♠ A74 ♠ J95
♥ Q842 ♥ 65
♦ 5 ♦ 9874
♣ K10752 ♣ QJ43
♠ Q102
♥ K107
♦ AK1063
♣ A6
In retrospect, pitching the 8 of hearts first might have looked
suspicious, and maybe I should have started my discards with a low spade.
But had I discarded a club and kept three hearts, declarer would almost
surely have gotten it right, especially since it is more natural to finesse
the hearts through me, picking up the entire suit whenever I would have
started with four and ending up with ten tricks. Or, at the very least,
he would have led a spade instead and ensured nine tricks.
The point of this article is that when defending, one must try to
anticipate how the play of the hand will unfold and have one’s counterplays
worked out in advance. Although I had not done so here, a good time to
project the play and defense is at the first trick, while declarer is making
his plan, so that one’s mind is already made up when the critical moments
occur. If one waits until the play has to be made, the squirm factor will
often give away the show.
(As a footnote: I’m sure every reader of this column understands
that it is highly unethical to feign hesitancy and pretend that one has a
problem during the play when in fact no problem exists). | | Tuesday, December 20th, 2005 | | 12:22 am |
Bridge column
OUTRAGEOUS FORTUNE
by Stephen Rzewski
To win matchpoint events, one must play well, make few mistakes,
and hope for some luck. Besides receiving some outright “gifts” from
opponents, good luck can occasionally befall players who find themselves
in poor, anti-percentage contracts, whether by result of a bidding
misunderstanding, or by aggressive overbidding. When faced with the
prospect of playing what seems like a hopeless contract, it is essential
to keep one’s head and look for a favorable lie of the cards that will
enable you to bring the requisite tricks home, no matter how improbable.
And conversely, when luck similarly smiles upon the opponents, one has
to learn to philosophically accept what may seem like the slings and
arrows of outrageous fortune—and move on to the next hand.
On the last round of a two-session Sectional open pairs, where
I sense that we might be in contention, I pick up:
♠ Q76 ♥ A76432 ♦ AK7 ♣ A
With neither side vulnerable, my LHO opens 1NT (14-17), and my partner
overcalls 2♣. In our methods, that call shows clubs and a five-card major,
which I can infer from my hand must be spades. With a spade fit and all
those controls, I have what looks like a great hand. I bid 2NT, which we
use as an asking bid, and partner answers 3C, which is his weakest action,
indicating a bad hand without disclosing which major he holds. Still, it
is hard for me to imagine a holding where we do not have some kind of play
for game, so I bid 4♠, which is passed out (in retrospect, my 2NT inquiry
was probably a pointless exercise). LHO leads the ♦Q, and there is some
hilarity when the dummy appears, as I see that partner really meant his
3♣ call:
♠ 109432
♥ J9
♦ 2
♣ J10982
♠ Q76
♥ A76432
♦ AK7
♣ A
Unfortunately, it looks as though we will be heading for an untimely
minus score, as it will take some miraculous holding or bad defense for me
to make this contract. It looks like my best play is to take my side winners
and try to scramble as many ruffs as I can, and hope for the best. So I win
the diamond lead and start by playing my singleton ♣A, to lay the groundwork
for scoring club ruffs in my hand. It is a good thing that I am paying
attention, as my often inattentive eyes catch sight of the queen on my left.
Wait a minute. To find out if that is a true card, I lead my low
diamond, ruff in dummy, and play a 2nd club, ruffing in my hand. As if
answering a prayer, the king of clubs does in fact come down on the table.
Instead of proceeding with my first idea of crossruffing, I change tactics
by leading the queen of spades: LHO pauses, then plays low, as RHO produces
the ace. He then leads a heart. I play the ace, followed by the king of
diamonds so as to discard dummy’s losing heart, then cross my fingers as I
play a second spade. I am almost afraid to look, as LHO wins the jack, and
RHO…. follows suit! The dummy has only good clubs and two trumps against
LHO’s lone remaining king. If he leads a red card, I simply ruff and lead
good clubs, the last trump giving me control. Making +420.
Actually, I have to confess to having made a subtle error in the play:
at the table, after winning the diamond lead, I made the mistake of playing
the second high diamond and pitching a heart from dummy immediately. This
could have led to trouble when RHO won the ace of spades, as he could have
defeated me by playing a 4th diamond, which would have made the hand unmanageable.
In fact, he saved me by playing a heart. To be fair, from his point of view,
I might have had a heart loser, which could go away if his diamond play resulted
in giving me a ruff and sluff.
Of course, if the defense had led a trump on opening lead and drawn
three rounds, they would have enjoyed a club winner and defeated the contract,
and I would have had no story to tell.
The complete deal:
♠ 109432
♥ J9
♦ 2
♣ J10982
♠ KJ8 ♠ A5
♥ Q85 ♥ K10
♦ QJ654 ♦ 10983
♣ KQ ♣ 76543
♠ Q76
♥ A76432
♦ AK7
♣ A
Just to show that the universe has its way of balancing out,
following is a hand from a Regional tournament in Saratoga, last Spring,
on which I was a defender::
♠ 74
♥ AK64
♦ J852
♣ 852
♠ AK3
♥ Q52
♦ AK3
♣ AQJ4
At our table, the opponents who bid this hand had two misunder-
standings: in answer to South’s strong 2♣ opening, North responded positively
in hearts, showing a good five-card suit, when he held only four. Then later
in a Blackwood auction, North responded 6♣ to 5NT, which South thought showed
the king of that suit. Based on those two pieces of misinformation, South
bid what seemed like a reasonable 7NT.
The opening lead was a spade, which declarer won in hand. Well, to
make this hand, declarer needed the king of clubs onside (it was), two entries
to dummy to take and repeat the club finesse (the two high hearts), clubs and
hearts to both split 3-3 so as to make the long card in each suit (they did),
and the most outrageous of all, the queen of diamonds to come down doubleton
so as to score the jack for the 13th trick (down she came). For this
undeservedly bad result (known in the parlance as a “fix”) to befall us, I
calculate the probability to be less than 1%**. On a hand where no other pair,
quite reasonably, was even in a small slam, I think this was perhaps the
roundest zero I have ever experienced. Nonetheless, when the last card was
played, all FOUR players at the table burst into laughter.
** Amend that to around 2%, as I failed to take certain possibilities into
account in my estimate. See "comment" below, by my good friend, Michael Klein. | | Sunday, December 18th, 2005 | | 11:35 am |
Bridge Column
ASSESSING THE CONTRACT
by Stephen Rzewski
Unlike IMPs or rubber bridge, where small differences in scores
generally have slight meaning, in matchpoint events, any difference, no
matter how small, can have a great effect on the matchpoint outcome. For
example, if the normal contract on a particular hand is a major-suit game
yielding +420, and declarer is instead playing 3NT achieving +400 or +430
instead, the small difference in the numbers can have major consequences,
probably resulting in a score significantly below or above average, perhaps
even a bottom or a top (for one such example, check one of our previous
columns, entitled “Moysian Fit”).
When the dummy appears, it always behooves declarer to assess the
contract, not just from the perspective of his chances of fulfilling it, but
especially insofar as it is the likely one, or not, to be played at other
tables. If the contract is unusual, and possibly resulting in scores different
from the typical contract, declarer must focus on outscoring the probable
result in the normal contract, sometimes even taking desperate measures to do
so, lest he be outscored by the rest of the field.
Playing in a pairs game at a Sectional tournament, I pick up:
♠ K9642 ♥ KQ1082 ♦ 87 ♣ 6
Neither side is vulnerable, and my partner opens with 1♣. The opponents are
silent, and I respond 1♠. Partner rebids 2♦, a “reverse” showing extra values,
and a two-suited hand with longer clubs than diamonds. I would like to show
the heart suit now, as there is some chance that partner has a 3-card major-suit
fragment, but unfortunately for me on this hand, we have agreed that 2♥ is an
artificial bid, showing weakness and a desire to get out in a partscore. If I
jump in hearts, we may get into trouble, as the meaning of that bid is undiscussed.
I decide to take the direct route to 3NT, since with this misfit, it may prove
to be the best contract anyway. Besides, by concealing the hearts, I may
encourage the defense to lead that suit at some point. That ends the auction,
which has been:
(partner) (me)
1♣ P 1♠ P
2♦ P 3NT (all pass)
The opening lead is the deuce of diamonds, and I see:
♠ A103
♥ 9
♦ AQJ4
♣ AK1043
♠ K9642
♥ KQ1082
♦ 87
♣ 6
Well, so much for my clever thinking. I expect that most of the field
will be in 4♠. Those declarers will be able to avoid a potential diamond loser
by taking a fast club discard. If the spades split normally (3-2), they will
make 4 or 5, depending on how many hearts they lose. Playing in 3NT, I am forced
to finesse the jack of diamonds, and my fears are proved right when RHO produces
the king. However, he elects to lead back the 3 of hearts, the play I was
hoping for.
It may be right to play low here, hoping for the jack to be on my right,
but that doesn’t feel best. If I am wrong and lose a trick to the jack now, I will
almost surely be held to only 9 tricks, which figures to be a disastrous result
(+400 as compared to at least +420 in spades). And even if I am correct, and the
ace wins, LHO may be reluctant to continue the suit, as I would appear to him to
have a strong heart holding. Since I want to appear weak and therefore encourage
more heart plays, I go up with the king. LHO does in fact win the ace and leads
back the 4. I discard a club from dummy, and RHO thinks briefly before putting up
the hoped-for jack. I win and play a third heart, just to verify that the suit is
running, and both opponents follow. The following cards remain:
♠ A103
♥ -----
♦ AQ4
♣ AK10
♠ K9642
♥ 82
♦ 7
♣ 6
Just as an aside, I have the sense that my opponents are relatively
inexperienced and do not have good lead and carding habits. Holding in fact
J753, it might have been better for RHO to have begun the suit with a high
spot rather than the 3 with such a weak holding. Also, LHO, with A64, should
return the 6 and not the 4. This may still have been difficult for his partner
to read, but either play might have enabled them to avoid continuing the suit,
or at the very least, helped RHO to avoid the play of putting up the jack on
the 2nd lead.
My position has improved considerably, as I have lost only two tricks
so far, and I now have eight winners remaining. Still, I can envision that
many declarers in 4♠ may elect to pass the 9 of hearts to the ace, ruff a heart,
and make +450, so +430 may not be enough. Is there any way I might be able
to take the rest?
Whenever declarer has all the remaining tricks but one, he should always
look for an opportunity to develop a squeeze. Actually, there are a few squeeze
chances in this case. For instance, either opponent may be squeezed if he
started with four or more diamonds and three or more spades. In addition,
there is a slight chance of a positional squeeze on LHO if he began life with
four diamonds and a club holding that includes the Q-J. I can actually take
a line of play that will include both cases, and they seem like reasonable
chances to play for.
In order to do so, I must play the top clubs, then the ace of spades
and another to my king. Both opponents follow to the spade plays, RHO with
the queen. I now play the 8 of hearts from my hand, discarding dummy’s spade
(optionally, the 8 of hearts could have been played before the clubs), leaving:
♠ -----
♥ -----
♦ AQ4
♣ 10
(LHO)
♠ J
♥ -----
♦ 952
♣ ----
♠ 96
♥ 2
♦ 7
♣ -----
When I lead the good heart, LHO, who in fact started with both the
spade and diamond length, has no safe play. If he throws the jack of spades,
my spades will be good, and if he discards a diamond, I will throw dummy’s
club and lead a diamond to dummy to run that suit. The same play would have
worked had the spade and diamond length happened to be with RHO, making the
squeeze “automatic”.
These plays all proved to be necessary, as several declarers had
in fact scored +450, and there were also a couple of +460s, with whom the
top was shared.
The full deal:
♠ A103
♥ 9
♦ AQJ4
♣ AK1043
♠ J75 ♠ Q8
♥ A64 ♥ J753
♦ 10952 ♦ K63
♣ J85 ♣ Q972
♠ K9642
♥ KQ1082
♦ 87
♣ 6
As an afterthought, the reader may have noticed that there is an
additional squeeze chance, which does not work on the actual lie of the
cards, but which would be correct on a slightly different layout. If
declarer had reason to believe that the diamond length was with LHO, and
the spade length was on the right, he could play for a double squeeze.
To illustrate this case, exchange the ♠5 with the ♣2 in the above diagram.
Now at the mid-point of the hand, where the cards had come down to:
♠ A103
♥ -----
♦ AQ4
♣ AK10
♠ K9642
♥ 82
♦ 7
♣ 6
Declarer, to play for the double squeeze, must play the high diamonds early,
then the ace and king of spades, ending in his hand, then the 4th heart
(this card could have been played earlier), discarding dummy’s last spade,
coming down to:
♠ -----
♥ -----
♦ 4
♣ AK10
♠ ----- ♠ Q
♥ ----- ♥ -----
♦ 9 ♦ -----
♣ J85 ♣ Q97
♠ 96
♥ 2
♦ -----
♣ 6
Declarer now leads the last heart. LHO must keep the ♦9 to prevent
the ♦4 in dummy from becoming a good card, so he discards a club. Declarer
now throws dummy’s ♦ 4, and RHO, forced to hold the ♠Q to prevent declarer’s
spades from becoming winners, also must let go a club. With both opponents
down to two clubs each, the ♣10 in dummy takes the last trick. This play
is called a “double squeeze”, because it operates on both opponents, in turn.
So why did declarer opt for the first squeeze type and not the second?
The odds probably favor the chosen line somewhat, but the choice of plays
just amounted to a good guess, basically. | | Sunday, December 4th, 2005 | | 10:27 am |
Bridge Column
ARTISTIC ENDING
by Stephen Rzewski
Some of the better plays one sees at the table occur on hands where
the result, good or bad, has already been determined. For example, declarer
successfully executes a double squeeze in a slam, but only to go down one trick
instead of two. Good players sometimes respectfully jest that “style points”
should be awarded for such plays.
In today’s hand, from an IMPs event at a Regional tournament, declarer
managed to bring about an endplay for an overtrick, where he had already earned
a decent score simply by going plus and making his contract:
North
♠ AK2
♥ KQJ96
♦ 9
♣ KJ43
West East
♠ Q108 ♠ J7
♥ 8 ♥ A105432
♦ AKJ86 ♦ 2
♣ A1087 ♣ Q965
South
♠ 96543
♥ 7
♦ Q107543
♣ 2
bidding: W N E S
1♦ dbl 1♥ 1♠
2♣ dbl P 2♠
P P P
opening lead: ♥ 8
The bidding is shown as it occurred. As a matter of style, some players
might overcall 1♥ with the North hand, then subsequently follow through with a
takeout double; this sequence would show the five-card suit, extra values, and a
willingness to play other strains. South, with 6-5 shape, ventured a free 1♠
call in spite of his weakness, then pulled his partner’s second double with nothing
to contribute to the defense. East might actually have bid on to 3♣, which seems
likely to make, but was inhibited from doing so because of North’s double on the
previous round.
The jack of hearts was played from dummy at the first trick, East winning
the ace. East’s best return is probably a diamond at this point (a club return
might also result in a successful defense). If West can read his partner’s
singleton, he can cash the ace of clubs and return a low diamond. The hand will
now become unmanageable for declarer, and he will ultimately be defeated. However,
East instead returned a heart at trick #2. South pitched his losing club as West
ruffed with a natural trump trick. West cashed the king of diamonds, but couldn’t
read his partner’s deuce as a singleton, and unsure as to how to proceed, played a
trump. Declarer cleared the enemy trumps with the ace and king, leaving:
North
♠ 2
♥ KQ9
♦ ---
♣ KJ93
West East
♠ --- ♠ ---
♥ --- ♥ 10432
♦ AJ86 ♦ ---
♣ A1087 ♣ Q965
South
♠ 965
♥ ---
♦ Q10754
♣ ---
South was now assured of making his contract, since he had two tricks in
the bank, two heart winners in dummy and was destined to score his remaining four
trumps individually. Do you see how he managed a sequence of plays that resulted
in his gaining an overtrick?
* * * * * * *
South cashed dummy’s two high hearts, then played a third heart, covered
by East and ruffed in declarer’s hand. Declarer then led the 10 of diamonds
(actually, any diamond will do). West covered with the jack, but instead of
ruffing with dummy’s last trump, declarer called for a club, allowing West to
win the trick and putting that player on lead in the following position:
North
♠ 2
♥ ---
♦ ---
♣ KJ9
West East
♠ --- ♠ ---
♥ --- ♥ 4
♦ A8 ♦ ---
♣ A10 ♣ Q96
South
♠ 96
♥ ---
♦ Q7
♣ ---
West pondered her position for a full minute, looking for a way out;
there was none. If she played the ace of diamonds, South would ruff in dummy,
and the queen would be established. Similarly, playing the ace of clubs would
establish dummy’s king, as South would ruff in his hand. If she played a low
diamond, South would simply let that come around to the queen. Eventually,
she found the best play of a low club, but South, reading the position, put
up dummy’s king, discarding a diamond from his hand, and took the remainder
with ruffs. |
[ << Previous 20 ]
|
![[info]](http://l-stat.livejournal.com/img/userinfo.gif?v=92.1){kind=small}
stevesgames's journal